Prevalence and Determinants of Retinopathy among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Thiqar 2022

Abstract

Background: Retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes appears to be a public health problem in Iraq; it is serious eye disease lead to sever visual impairment and blindness if not detected early.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who attended National Center of Diabetes of Thi_qar and to determine the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at national center of diabetes of Thi_qar between April and may 2022. 162 type 2 Iraqi diabetic patients both sexes were included in this study. Diabetic Retinopathy was diagnosed by an ophthalmologist depending on the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale approved by AAO and I CO. Socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data were obtained from patients themselves, these variables include Sociodemographic, (sex and age), the participants residence, clinical data include, smoking, Hypertension or if the patient is currently using prescribed antihypertensive drugs, if have retinopathy and nephropathy, height and weight are measured.

Result: From 492 patients with diabetes mellitus, 272 patients (55.2%) had retinopathy (48 males, 42 females). The mean±SD of the age was 53.85 years. More than two third of patients were above 48 years old. 54.4% were hypertensive,26.6% cigarette smokers and 2.22% electronic hooka

Conclusion: This study showed high prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetic patients, with poor control of blood glucose, high triglyceride, longer diabetes duration, hypertension, insulin treatment and age and gender as factor to develop retinopathy.

Keywords: Ritinopathy, DM, Thiqar ,2022